不定式组成复合结构,用作复合宾语和复合谓语

宾语复合谓语不定式复合宾语复合结构评论

1．在不少动词后面可用不定式和一个名词(代词)一起组成复合宾语
She asked me to call again．
她让我再去打一次电话。
He wants you to call him back at 11．
他要你十一点钟给他回电话。
I'11 get someone to repair the recorder for you．
我去找人帮你修录音机。
They encouraged him to try again．
他们鼓励他再试一次。

2．在make，let，have，see，hear，watch，notice，feel等动词后的复合宾语中不定式不带to：
In a minute you'11 see the sun rise．
一会儿你可以看到太阳升起。
Then he heard the bell ring again．
后来他又听到铃声响了。
I'11 have him call you right back．
我让他马上给你回电话。
He watched the people go by．
他看着人们从旁边经过。

在help后的不定式可加to，也可不加to：
Can anyone help me (to)do it?
谁能帮我做这事?
We'11 help you look．
我们来帮你找。

一般的理解为，如果帮助别人需要自己参与动手的话省to，如果帮助别人不需要自己参与动手的话要带to，例如：
Can you help me do my homework?
你能帮我做作业吗？（代写作业）
Can you help me to do my homework? （意思同：Can you help me with my homework?）
你能帮我一下作业吗？（指导一下）

3．被动结构中不定式必须带to：
She was often seen to act like that．
人们常常到她这样做。
They were made to work day and night.
他们被迫日夜干活。
Someone was heard to come up the stairs．
听见有人走上楼来。

第1段中所谈句子也常可用于被动构：
They are encouraged to take part in the contest．
励他们参加比赛。
She was asked to recite a poem．
大家要她朗颂一首诗。
was asked to recite.
等可说足复合谓语。

4．下面句子也包含由不定式构成的复合语
He is said to be from a peasant family．
据说他是农民出身。
She is likely to welcome the idea．
她可欢迎这个想法。
We are bound to meet with difficulties．
我们一定会碰到闲难。