现在分词作定语及其与动名词的区别

动词 动名词 现在分词 评论

1.现在分词作定语时很多,有时单独作定语放在所修饰的词前面(a),有时引起短语放在所修饰词的后面(b):
a.He is a promising young man.
他足个很有培养前途的青年。
It is a fascinating city.
它是一座迷人的城市。
They are visiting in a neighboring town.
他们在邻近的一座城市访问。
He was one of the leading composers of the time.
他是那时最卓越的作曲家之一。

b.Anna drew a girl who was standing on her hands.
安娜画了一个倒立的姑娘。
There's someone knocking at the door.有人敲门。
We built a high way leading(which led)into the mountains.
他们修了一条通往山里的路。
We met a group of children(who were)returning from school.
碰到一群放学回来的孩了。

2.现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句,即使单独的现在分词也如此:
a promising Young man=a young man who is promising
这也是作定语的动名词和现在分词的。现在分词作定语时多表所修饰名词的动作,常可改为一个定语从句:
flying fish(=a fish that can fly)飞鱼
everlasting friendship(=friendship that lasts forever)永恒的友谊
working people(=people who work)劳动人民

而动名词作定语时却没有这种情况,如:
sleeping car(=a car for passengers to sleep in) 卧车
working method(=method of working) 工作方法
reading room(=a room for people to read in) 阅览室

外,现在分词还可构成合成形容词,如:
hard-working people(=people who work hard) 勤劳的人民
oil-bearing crops(=crops that bear oil) 油料作物
good-looking 貌美的

本文发布于2011-09-19,上次编辑于2011-09-27。

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