动名词及其短语用作主语和表语,并区别于动词不定式

词类主语表语不定式动名词评论

一、作主语的动名词：
动名词(短语)有时可用作主语：
Drawing pictures will be fun．
画画会是很有意思的。
Smoking may cause cancer．吸烟可能致癌。
Running is my favorite sport．
跑步是我最喜欢的运动。
Meeting you has been a great pleasure．
见到你非常高兴。
Talking mends no holes．
空谈无济于事。()

也可以在下面结构中用作主语：
1．由先行词it引起的句子(作主语的动名词移到句子后部)：
It's no use doing that．
这样做没有用。
It's no good waiting here．
在这里等没有好处。
It's nice talking you．
和你谈话很高兴。
It's a waste of time arguing about it．
辩这事是浪费时间。

2．由there is no引起的句子：
There is no joking about such matters．
这种事开不得玩笑。
There is no knowing what will happen next．
没法知道以后将发生什么事。
There was no telling what he was going to do．
没法判断他会怎样干。
There was no arguing with her．
没法和她争辩。

二、作表语的动名词：
动名词(短语)也可用来作表语：
Her job is raising pigs．
她的仟务是猪。
Seeing is believing．
眼见为实。
To keep the money you have found is stealing．
捡到钱不交出来等于偷窃。
The problem is raising enough fund．
问题是筹集足够的资金。

动名词和不定式都可用作主语和表语。一般说来表示一般行为时多用动名词，表示具体某次动作时多用不定式：
Smoking is prohibited．
止吸烟。
It isn't good for you to smoke so much．
你抽这么多烟对你身体不好。
Their job is building houses．
他们的工作是盖房予。
Our task no7 is to increase food production．
我们现在的仟务是增产粮食。